Effects of anemia and red blood cell transfusion in preterm infants on the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a propensity score analysis

To determine association of severe anemia and red blood cell (RBC) transfusions with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants gestational age <32 weeks, a retrospective analysis was conducted on 364 newborns from August 1,2018, until 31,2020. 135 patients were diagnosed BPD the other 229 neonates included non-BPD group. One-to-one propensity score matching (83:83) used to match baseline characteristics confounding factors so as better evaluate effects RBC transfusion. The results showed that rate significantly different between group [14/83(16.87) vs 4/83(4.82), p = 0.013]. number volume transfusion lower than [number:1(0,2) 2(0,4), 0.001;volume:30(0,40) 40(20,80), 0.004]. We find Among anemic neonates,only may increase risk developing BPD. Larger higher are related its severity. Risk neither onset nor timing first Medical methods should be adopted prevent reduce transfusions.Registration Name registry: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, Registry number: ChiCTR 2100042768. Registration date: 28 January, 2021. URL trial registry database:http://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx.